Welcome to New Choice Health where we help you make informed decisions about your medical procedures by giving you the tools you need to compare facilities in your area.
Shop and save with New Choice Health!
Procedure | Price Range | |
---|---|---|
Non-Rechargeable Neurostimulator Implantation Cost Average | $16,900 - $46,300 | Free Quote |
Trial Neurostimulator Implantation Cost Average | $5,400 - $14,700 | Free Quote |
Rechargeable Neurostimulator Implantation Cost Average | $25,900 - $71,000 | Free Quote |
Facility | City | Type |
---|---|---|
Hudson Crossing Surgery Center | Fort Lee | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
New York Community Hospital | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Melville Surgery Center | Melville | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
North Shore University Hospital | Manhasset | Acute Care Hospital |
Bergen Ambulatory Surgery Center | Saddle Brook | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ocean Medical Center | Brick | Acute Care Hospital |
Jamaica Hospital Medical Center | Jamaica | Acute Care Hospital |
Bey Lea Ambulatory Surgical Center | Toms River | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Short Hills Surgery Center | Millburn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint Mary's Hospital | Passaic | Acute Care Hospital |
Central Jersey Surgery Center. | Eatontown | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
All City Family Health Care | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Hillside Surgicare | Jamaica | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Rockland Ambulatory Surgery | Pearl River | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Eastern Long Island Hospital | Greenport | Acute Care Hospital |
Memorial Sloan-kettering Cancer Center | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Center for Special Surgery | Wall Township | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Jelksmedical | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Advanced Surgical Arts Facility | Staten Island | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Monmouth Surgi Center | Red Bank | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Newark Beth Israel Medical Center | Newark | Acute Care Hospital |
North Jersey Ambulatory Surgery Center | Hackensack | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Winthrop-university Hospital | Mineola | Acute Care Hospital |
St. Vincent's Staten Island Surgery Services | Staten Island | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ambulatory Surgery Center | Livingston | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Peconic Bay Medical Center | Riverhead | Acute Care Hospital |
Northern Monmouth Regional Surgery Center | Manalapan | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Bayonne Medical Center | Bayonne | Acute Care Hospital |
Bergen Passaic Ambulatory Surgery Center | Clifton | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Mercy Medical Center | Rockville Centre | Acute Care Hospital |
Fort Washington Center | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Center for Special Procedures | Lakewood | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint Joseph's Regional Medical Center | Paterson | Acute Care Hospital |
Park Avenue Ambulatory Surgery | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Wayne Surgical Center | Wayne | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Shrewsbury Surgery Center | Shrewsbury | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
South Nassau Communities Hospital | Oceanside | Acute Care Hospital |
Gregory Surgical Services | Jersey City | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Staten Island University Hospital - North Site | Staten Island | Acute Care Hospital |
Kingsbrook Jewish Medical Center | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
NYU Langone Medical Center | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Southside Hospital | Bay Shore | Acute Care Hospital |
Greenville Hospital | Jersey City | Acute Care Hospital |
Holy Name Hospital | Teaneck | Acute Care Hospital |
Fifth Avenue Medical Operatory | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Southampton Hospital | Southampton | Acute Care Hospital |
Brook Plaza Ambulatory Surg Ctr | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Chilton Memorial Hospital | Pompton Plains | Acute Care Hospital |
North Fullerton Surgery Center | Montclair | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Westchester Medical Center | Valhalla | Acute Care Hospital |
Summit Medical Group Ambulatory Surgery Center | Berkeley Heights | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Mediplex Surgery Center | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital | New Brunswick | Acute Care Hospital |
Surgery Center of Somerset | Somerset | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Nassau University Medical Center | East Meadow | Acute Care Hospital |
Day Op of North Nassau | Great Neck | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
New York Hospital Queens | Flushing | Acute Care Hospital |
The Nguyen Center | Stony Brook | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Central Jersey Ambulatory Surgical Center | Hillsborough | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Metropolitan Surgery Center | Hackensack | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Atlantic Surgery Center | Long Branch | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Beth Israel Amb Surg Cent Brooklyn Division | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
North Jersey Surgery Center | Englewood Cliffs | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Endo-surgi Center of Old Bridge | Old Bridge | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Christ Hospital | Jersey City | Acute Care Hospital |
Ambulatory Surgery Center of Brooklyn | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Stony Brook University Medical Center | Stony Brook | Acute Care Hospital |
Clifton Surgery Center | Clifton | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Surgicare of Englewood Cliffs | Englewood Cliffs | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Maimonides Medical Center | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Englewood Hospital and Medical Center | Englewood | Acute Care Hospital |
Harlem Hospital Center | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Division Hospital | Bronx | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint Clare's Hospital - Sussex | Sussex | Acute Care Hospital |
Monmouth Medical Center | Long Branch | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint Joseph's Wayne Hospital | Wayne | Acute Care Hospital |
New York-presbyterian Hospital/weill Cornell Medical | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Ambulatory Surgery Center of Greater New York | Bronx | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Synergy First Medical | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Atrium Surgery Center | Mine Hill | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Passaic Beth Israel Regional Medical Center | Passaic | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint Francis Hospital | Roslyn | Acute Care Hospital |
North Shore Surgi-center | Smithtown | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Garden City Plaza Office Based Surgery | Garden City | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Franklin Hospital | Valley Stream | Acute Care Hospital |
White Plains Hospital Center | White Plains | Acute Care Hospital |
Unite Health Center | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Queens Hospital Center | Jamaica | Acute Care Hospital |
Our Lady of Mercy Medical Center | Bronx | Acute Care Hospital |
Sea Oaks Surgery Center | Little Egg Harbor | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Brookhaven Memorial Hospital Medical Center | East Patchogue | Acute Care Hospital |
Glen Ridge Surgi Center | Glen Ridge | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Gold Ambulatory Surgery Center | Great Neck | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ridgedale Surgery Center | Cedar Knolls | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Hunterdon Center for Surgery | Flemington | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Surgicare of Oradell | Oradell | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint Luke's-roosevelt Hospital Center - Saint Lukes | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
University Surgicenter | East Brunswick | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Affiliated Ambulatory Surgery | Morristown | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Glen Cove Hospital | Glen Cove | Acute Care Hospital |
Palisades Medical Center | North Bergen | Acute Care Hospital |
The Valley Hospital | Ridgewood | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint Charles Hospital | Port Jefferson | Acute Care Hospital |
Day-op Center of Long Island | Mineola | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Sound Shore Medical Center | New Rochelle | Acute Care Hospital |
Morristown Memorial Hospital | Morristown | Acute Care Hospital |
Bronx-lebanon Hospital Center - Fulton Division | Bronx | Acute Care Hospital |
Northeast Surgical | Mount Kisco | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Fifth Avenue Surgery | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Jfk Medical Center | Edison | Acute Care Hospital |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | Hauppauge | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Parkmed | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ramapo Valley Surgical Center | Ramsey | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
New York Westchester Square Medical Center | Bronx | Acute Care Hospital |
Surgicare Ambulatory Surgery Center of Ny | Bronx | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint Barnabas Hospital | Bronx | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint Joseph's Medical Center | Yonkers | Acute Care Hospital |
Metropolitan Surgical Institute | South Amboy | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Somerset Medical Center | Somerville | Acute Care Hospital |
Roseland Ambulatory Surgery Center | Roseland | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint Peter's University Hospital | New Brunswick | Acute Care Hospital |
Shore Outpatient Surgicenter | Lakewood | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Beth Israel Medical Center - Petrie Division | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Hudson Terrace Medical | Englewood Cliffs | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Pascack Valley Hospital | Westwood | Acute Care Hospital |
Kings County Hospital Center | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Richmond Ambulatory Services | Staten Island | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saddle River Valley Surgical Center | Paramus | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | East Setauket | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Mountainside Hospital | Montclair | Acute Care Hospital |
The Reed Center | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Murray Hill Care | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Coney Island Hospital | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Bellevue Hospital Center | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Old Hook Medical Surgicenter | Emerson | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Elmhurst Hospital Center | Elmhurst | Acute Care Hospital |
Ksc Or Services | Huntington | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint John's Episcopal Hospital South Shore | Far Rockaway | Acute Care Hospital |
Andrew Jacono Center | Great Neck | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ambulatory Center of Excellence In Surgery | Bloomfield | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
The Ambulatory Surgery Center of Westchester | Mt Kisco | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Hunterdon Medical Center | Flemington | Acute Care Hospital |
North Central Bronx Hospital | Bronx | Acute Care Hospital |
Ambulatory Sugical Center of Union County | Union | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Surgical Center at Millburn | Millburn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | Fresh Meadows | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Southern Ocean County Hospital | Manahawkin | Acute Care Hospital |
Prohealth Ambulatory Surgery Center | New Hyde Park | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Sdk Medical | Great Neck | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Bergen Regional Medical Center | Paramus | Acute Care Hospital |
Clara Maass Medical Center | Belleville | Acute Care Hospital |
Ocean Surgical Pavilion | Oakhurst | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint James Hospital | Newark | Acute Care Hospital |
Mount Vernon Hospital | Mount Vernon | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint Barnabas Medical Center | Livingston | Acute Care Hospital |
Somerset Surgical Center | Bridgewater | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint Michael's Medical Center | Newark | Acute Care Hospital |
Riverview Medical Center | Red Bank | Acute Care Hospital |
Lakewood Surgery Center | Lakewood | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Lawrence Hospital Center | Bronxville | Acute Care Hospital |
Long Island College Hospital | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Hospital for Special Surgery | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Forest Hills Hospital | Forest Hills | Acute Care Hospital |
Boulevard Surgical Center | Long Island City | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Hoboken University Medical Center | Hoboken | Acute Care Hospital |
The Center for Ambulatory Surgery | Mountainside | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Huntington Hospital | Huntington | Acute Care Hospital |
Good Samaritan Hospital Medical Center | West Islip | Acute Care Hospital |
Meadowlands Hospital Medical Center | Secaucus | Acute Care Hospital |
Garden State Ambulatory Surgery Center | Toms River | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Saint Mary's Ambulatory Surgery Center | Palisades Park | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
American Surgical Center of West Orange | West Orange | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Lenox Hill Hospital | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Overlook Hospital | Summit | Acute Care Hospital |
Roxbury Open MRI and Surgical Center | Succasunna | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
The Brooklyn Hospital Center | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Putnam Hospital Center | Carmel | Acute Care Hospital |
Fifth Avenue Surgery Center | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Edison Surgical Center | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Gramercy Surgery Center | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Community Medical Center | Toms River | Acute Care Hospital |
The Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
New York Methodist Hospital | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
2116 Kings Highway GI | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Jacobi Medical Center | Bronx | Acute Care Hospital |
Upper East Side Surgical | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
East Orange General Hospital | East Orange | Acute Care Hospital |
University Hospital | Newark | Acute Care Hospital |
Newton Memorial Hospital | Newton | Acute Care Hospital |
Sheepshead Bay Surgery Center | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Essex Surgery Center | Hackensack | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | New Hyde Park | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Metropolitan Hospital Center | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | West Nyack | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ridgewood Ambulatory Surgery Center | Ridgewood | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Oak Tree Surgery Center | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Advanced Surgical Arts Center | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
North Jersey Center for Surgery | Newton | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Physcian's Choice Surgicenter | Howard Beach | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
May Street Surgi Center | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Center for Surgical Specialties | Rutherford | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Jersey Shore University Medical Center | Neptune | Acute Care Hospital |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | East Meadow | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ambulatory Surgical Center of Old Bridge | Old Bridge | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Westchester Ambulatory Surgery Center | White Plains | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Northfield Surgical Center | West Orange | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Raritan Bay Medical Center - Perth Amboy | Perth Amboy | Acute Care Hospital |
Suffolk Surgery Center | Shirley | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Karpinski Ambulatory Surgery Unit | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Hackensack Surgery Center | Hackensack | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Northern Westchester Hospital | Mount Kisco | Acute Care Hospital |
Ambulatory Surgery Center of East Tremont Medical Center | Bronx | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
The Mount Sinai Hospital | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Community Hospital at Dobbs Ferry | Dobbs Ferry | Acute Care Hospital |
Good Samaritan Hospital | Suffern | Acute Care Hospital |
Franklin Surgical Center | Basking Ridge | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Bayshore Community Hospital | Holmdel | Acute Care Hospital |
Wyckoff Heights Medical Center | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
New York Downtown Hospital | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Plainview Hospital | Plainview | Acute Care Hospital |
Eltra | West Orange | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Synergy Medical | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Lutheran Healthcare | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint Clare's Hospital - Denville | Denville | Acute Care Hospital |
Hackensack University Medical Center | Hackensack | Acute Care Hospital |
Centrastate Medical Center | Freehold | Acute Care Hospital |
Union Hospital | Union | Acute Care Hospital |
Market Street Surgical Center | Saddle Brook | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Stonybrook Surigcal Assoicates | Stonybrook | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
A Center for Advanced Surgery | Paramus | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Trinitas Hospital | Elizabeth | Acute Care Hospital |
Nyack Hospital | Nyack | Acute Care Hospital |
Somerset Ambulatory Surgical Center | Somerville | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | New York | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Progressive Surgery Center | Farmingdale | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ap Surgery Center | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Nyu Hospital for Joint Diseases Orthopaedic Inst | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Saint John's Riverside Hospital - Andrus Pavilion | Yonkers | Acute Care Hospital |
Hudson Valley Hospital Center | Cortlandt Manor | Acute Care Hospital |
South Shore Ambulatory Surgery Center | Lynbrook | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
John T. Mather Memorial Hospital | Port Jefferson | Acute Care Hospital |
Queens Surgi-center | Glendale | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Pilgrim Medical Center | Montclair | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Surgicenter | Toms River | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Interfaith Medical Center | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Montvale Surgical Center | Montvale | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital at Rahway | Rahway | Acute Care Hospital |
New Island Hospital | Bethpage | Acute Care Hospital |
University Hospital of Brooklyn | Brooklyn | Acute Care Hospital |
Metropolitan Lithotriptor | White Plains | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Maj Surgery | Rye | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
County Line Endoscopy and Surgical Center | North Bergen | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Helen Hayes Hospital | West Haverstraw | Acute Care Hospital |
Phelps Memorial Hospital Center | Sleepy Hollow | Acute Care Hospital |
Richmond Ambulatory Surgical Facility | Staten Island | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Ambulatory Surgical Center of New Jersey | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Paramus Surgical Center | Paramus | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Linden Surgical Center | Linden | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Toms River Surgery Center | Toms River | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Seashore Surgical Institute | Brick | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Essex Surgical Arts Surgery Center | Belleville | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Long Island Jewish Medical Center | New Hyde Park | Acute Care Hospital |
Palisade Surgery Center | Fort Lee | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Jersey City Medical Center | Jersey City | Acute Care Hospital |
Garden State Surgical Center | Fair Lawn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
James Street Surgical Suite | Morristown | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Columbus Hospital | Newark | Acute Care Hospital |
Manalapan Surgery Center | Manalapan | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Rockefeller University Hospital | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Brooklyn Endoscopy and Ambulatory Surgery Center | Brooklyn | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Kimball Medical Center | Lakewood | Acute Care Hospital |
Middlesex Surgery Center | Edison | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Usdk Medical | Rockville Centre | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary | New York | Acute Care Hospital |
Surgical Center at Cedar Knolls | Cedar Knolls | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Flushing Hospital Medical Center | Flushing | Acute Care Hospital |
Cares Ambulatory Surgery Services | New Brunswick | Ambulatory Surgical Center |
Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation Cost and Procedure Introduction
Spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation is a procedure in which a small electrical device is placed under the skin near the spine. This procedure is recommended for patients with chronic pain after more conservative measures — medication, physical therapy, surgeries, injections — have failed to provide adequate relief. Spinal cord stimulators are used to deliver electrical pulses to the spinal cord to mask pain signals before they reach the brain. Spinal cord stimulator implantations are performed at a hospital by a neurosurgeon who specializes in pain management. It is usually a two-stage procedure: There is a trial stimulator that will determine if the SCS will work for the type of pain you’re experiencing and where to place the stimulator. Most patients return home the same day as the procedure or the next morning. Recovery times vary, depending on how quickly your body heals and your pain level, but you should be able to return to normal activities within six weeks.
Patient Preparation for Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation
A physical examination will be performed along with blood tests, chest X-rays and EKGs. It is particularly important to inform the physician of all medications or vitamins taken regularly or if you are pregnant (or think you might be pregnant). Also, let your doctor know if you have heart, lung or other medical conditions that may need special attention, and, finally, if you have a history of bleeding disorders or if you are taking any anticoagulant (blood-thinning) medications, aspirin, or other medications that affect blood clotting. You will be given instructions in advance that will outline what you should and should not do in preparation for the surgery; be sure to read and follow those instructions. You will be asked to fast for eight hours before the procedure, generally after midnight. You will need to make arrangements for transportation after the surgery is complete. If you are given a prescription for pain medication, have it filled prior to surgery.
What to Expect During and After Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation
There are two stages to the spinal cord stimulator implantation. The first stage is an outpatient procedure using local anesthetic. Using an X-ray to view the area, the surgeon will insert a hollow needle into the space between the bone and spinal cord. The trial lead is then inserted and placed near specific nerves. The wires will be attached to a generator worn on a belt. You’ll go home and monitor your pain level, following all instructions from your doctor. After three to seven days, you’ll return to your doctor to discuss next steps. If it was successful, you’ll move on to stage two. If the trial was unsuccessful, the doctor will remove the trial leads. Stage two is when the permanent stimulator is implanted. After arriving at the hospital, you’ll have a brief physical exam and you will be given a local anesthetic and sedative. The electrode leads are inserted with the aid of an X-ray. Then a small incision is made over the vertebra. A small portion of the bony arch is removed to make room for the leads, which are attached to the epidural space above the spinal cord. After testing the placement and pain level, the surgeon will run the lead wire under the skin to a generator which will be placed under the skin of the buttock. The surgeon will close the incision using stitches or steri-strips.
After surgery, you will be taken to the recovery room for observation. Once your blood pressure, pulse, and breathing are stable and you are alert, you will most often be discharged to your home. Before being discharged, you will be given instructions about care for your incision, limits on activities and what you should do to aid your recovery. If you notice any of the following, call the number the hospital gave you: Fever, excessive sweating, difficulty urinating, redness, bleeding or worsening pain.
In the news